Genetic flaw may be key to curbing sugar consumption: study
If sugar is always your jam, your DNA may be to blame.
An international team of researchers says that a genetic variation in our ability to digest certain sugars may influence how much we like sweet foods — and how much we consume.
The scientists are pointing the finger at the sucrase-isomaltase (SI) gene, which plays a key role in breaking down sucrose (also known as table sugar) and maltose (a less sweet compound found in some cereals) into simple sugars for absorption by the small intestine.
A recent poll found that Americans eat and drink an average of 99 grams of sugar a day for a total of 80 pounds a year — much more than the recommended amount. Prostock-studio – stock.adobe.com
Mutations in the GI gene can make it difficult to digest sucrose and maltose. People with irritable bowel syndrome tend to have more defective SI gene variants than healthy people.
About 10% to 15% of American adults suffer from IBS, which is characterized by cramping, bloating, stomach fullness or burning sensations, often accompanied by diarrhea or constipation.
For the new research, the study authors explored the dietary habits of mice that lacked the SI gene.
The vermin rapidly reduced their sucrose consumption and preference for it.
The researchers then tested their theory on 6,000 people in Greenland and nearly 135,000 UK residents.
They found that those in Greenland who couldn’t digest sucrose at all consumed significantly fewer sucrose-rich foods, while the UK residents with a partially functional SI gene preferred sucrose-rich foods less.
People with irritable bowel syndrome tend to have more defective variants of the sucrase-isomaltase gene than healthy people. Malik/peopleimages.com – stock.adobe.com
The results were published Tuesday in the journal Gastroenterology.
“These findings suggest that genetic variation in our ability to digest dietary sucrose can influence our intake, and preference, for sucrose-rich foods whilst opening up the possibility of targeting SI to selectively reduce sucrose intake at the population level,” said study leader Peter Aldiss of the University of Nottingham in the UK.
Aldiss hopes his team’s work on the SI gene curbs sucrose consumption worldwide.
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Large amounts of sugar can damage cells, causing chronic inflammation, which can lead to obesity, heart disease, diabetes, liver disease and cancer.
“Diabetes and obesity are heavily impacted by over intake of sugar-laden foods such as soda, juice, processed and fast foods,” Dr. Rifka C. Schulman-Rosenbaum, director of inpatient diabetes at Long Island Jewish Medical Center, told The Post.
“Understanding mechanisms to potentially reduce desire for and intake of sugar is an exciting area of innovation and could have beneficial consequences in the future to reduce the burden of disease,” added Schulman-Rosenbaum, who was not involved with the new research.
The American Heart Association recommends no more than 9 teaspoons (36 grams or 150 calories) of added sugar per day for men and no more than 6 teaspoons (25 grams or 100 calories) per day for women.
A recent poll found that Americans eat and drink an average of 99 grams of sugar a day for a total of 80 pounds a year.
